<h3>Overview</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Proliferation of abnormal, undeveloped WBCs
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Unable to function in infection control / immunity</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Diagnosed by blood tests and bone marrow biopsy</li>
</ol>
<h3>Nursing Points</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Characterized by type of WBC affected
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">2-4 years of age</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">50-70 years of age</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Peak at 60 years of age</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Incidence increases with age</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Assessment</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Weight loss</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fever</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Infections</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pain in bones and  joints</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Night sweats</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Aplastic Anemia
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pallor</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fatigue</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Easy bleeding and bruising</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↑ WBC in CLL and CML</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">↓ WBC in ALL and AML</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Philadelphia chromosome in majority of CML clients</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Mouth sores from chemo</li>
</ol>
<h4>Therapeutic Management</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chemotherapy and radiation</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Bone Marrow Biopsy
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Apply pressure to biopsy site</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Provide analgesia</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Initiate neutropenic precautions
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Strict hand washing</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Limit visitation</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">No fresh fruits or flowers</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Initiate bleeding precautions</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Avoid fatigue</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Plan activities to provide time for rest</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Instruct client on oral hygiene
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Rinse mouth with saline</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Avoid lemon, alcohol based mouthwash</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Nursing Concepts</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Cellular Regulation</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Infection Control</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Comfort</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Clotting</li>
</ol>
<h3>Patient Education</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Bleeding Precautions</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Infection Precautions</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Oral Hygiene</li>
</ol>
<div style="margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 100%;background:white;border-radius:4px;padding:20px">
 <center>
 Want to learn more? View a suggested lesson<h4 style="margin: 10px;"><a href="https://admin.nursing.com/lesson/04-16-leukemia-case-study-60-min/" style="text-decoration:none;">Leukemia Case Study (60 min)</a></h4><h4 style="margin: 10px;"><a href="https://admin.nursing.com/lesson/nursing-mnemonics-ant/" style="text-decoration:none;">Leukemia &#8211; Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)</a></h4><h4 style="margin: 10px;"><a href="https://admin.nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-leukemia/" style="text-decoration:none;">Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Leukemia</a></h4></center>
 </div>

Med-Surg | Hematology / Oncology / Immunology

leukemia

Leukemia

<h3>Overview</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Umbrella term for cancers of bone marrow and lymphatic system (liquid tumor).  Two most common for peds are ALL and AML
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">ALL (Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia) 
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Peak onset 2-5 yrs </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">80% long term survival rates! </li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">AML (Acute Myelogenous Leukemia) 
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Accounts for 20% of childhood leukemia case</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Poorer outcomes than ALL</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h3>Nursing Points</h3>
<h4>General</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Proliferation of abnormal, undeveloped WBCs
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Immature  WBCs are called “blasts”
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">If blasts are lymphoid cells = ALL</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">If blasts are myeloid cells + AML</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Unable to function in infection control / immunity</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Excessive cells suppress bone marrow</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Other important cells in the blood (like RBCs and Platelets) die because these blasts are taking over.   </li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Diagnostic tests
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Blood tests and bone marrow biopsy
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">WBC could be high or low</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Blasts high (%)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Platelets low</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">RBCs low </li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Bone marrow aspiration</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Lumbar Puncture 
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Looking for blasts in CSF
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Indicates crossover into central nervous system (CNS)</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Changes treatment plan if it has crossed into CNS</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Assessment</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Symptoms at diagnosis
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Weight loss</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fever</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Frequent infections</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pain in bones and  joints</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Night sweats</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Aplastic Anemia
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Pallor   </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fatigue</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Easy bleeding and bruising</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Treatment  side effects 
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Infection </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Bleeding</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Anemia </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Poor nutrition &amp; weight loss</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">GI Ulcers</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Alopecia</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Medication specific complications
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chemo
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Neurotoxicity</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Cardiac toxicity</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Steroids
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Moon face</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Mood changes</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Fluid Retention</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Hyperglycemia</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Therapeutic Management</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Treatment is a multi-step process (over 2-3 years) 
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Chemotherapy</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Steroids</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Radiation</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Bone Marrow Transplants </li>
</ol>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Managing side effects and complications
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;">
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Neutropenic precautions </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Blood transfusions</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Platelet transfusions</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">IV antibiotics</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Anti-Nausea meds (ondansetron) </li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">NG or G-Tubes for nutrition</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h4>Nursing Concepts</h4>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Cellular Regulation</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Infection Control</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Comfort</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Clotting</li>
</ol>
<h3>Patient Education</h3>
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Bleeding Precautions</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Infection Precautions</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;">Oral Hygiene</li>
</ol>

Pediatrics

04-02-leukemia

04.02 Leukemia

In this course, you'll be able to learn different mnemonics that will help you to remember the need to know nursing information!

nursing-mnemonics-cram

Aortic Aneurysm – Management Nursing Mnemonic (CRAM)

nursing-mnemonics-pee-bads

Aortic Aneurysm – Thoracic signs Nursing Mnemonic (PEE BADS)

nursing-mnemonics-sad

Aortic Stenosis Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SAD)

nursing-mnemonics-be-joan-of-arc

Bacterial Endocarditis – Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Be Joan Of Arc)

nursing-mnemonics-toilet-paper-my-ass

Cardiac Valves Blood Flow Nursing Mnemonic (Toilet Paper my Ass)

nursing-mnemonics-the-5-ps

Circulatory Checks (5 P’s) Nursing Mnemonic (The 5 P’s)

nursing-mnemonics-i-have-a-right-to-camp-if-you-left-off-the-ac

Coronary Arteries – Location Nursing Mnemonic (I have a RIGHT to CAMP if you LEFT off the AC)

nursing-mnemonics-please-read-his-text

Cor Pulmonale – Signs & Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Please Read His Text)

nursing-mnemonics-unload-fast

CHF Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (UNLOAD FAST)

nursing-mnemonics-the-4-ts

Cyanotic Defects Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 T’s)

nursing-mnemonics-chop

Heart Failure-Left-Sided Nursing Mnemonic (CHOP)

nursing-mnemonics-left-lung-right-rest

Heart Failure-Origin Nursing Mnemonic (Left – Lung|Right – Rest)

nursing-mnemonics-head

Heart Failure – Right Sided Nursing Mnemonic (HEAD)

nursing-mnemonics-ape-to-man

Heart Sounds Nursing Mnemonic (APE To Man – All People Enjoy Time Magazine)

nursing-mnemonics-the-4-cs

Hypertension- Complications Nursing Mnemonic (The 4 C’s)

nursing-mnemonics-diuretic

Hypertension – Nursing care Nursing Mnemonic (DIURETIC)

nursing-mnemonics-vak

Increase MAP Nursing Mnemonic (VAK)

nursing-mnemonics-hard-ass-mrs-msd

Murmur locations Nursing Mnemonic (hARD ASS MRS. MSD)

nursing-mnemonics-tv-sparc-cube

Shock – Signs and symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TV SPARC CUBE)

nursing-mnemonics-his-leg-might-fall-off

Vascular Disease – Deep Vein Thrombosis Nursing Mnemonic (HIS Leg Might Fall off)

nursing-mnemonics-cold-hand

Vascular disease – Raynaud’s symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (COLD HAND)

nursing-mnemonics-triple-h-therapy

Vasospasm Therapy Nursing Mnemonic (Triple H Therapy)

Cardiovascular (Cardiac, CVD) Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-kult

Anion Gap Acidosis 1 Nursing Mnemonic (KULT)

nursing-mnemonics-mudpiles

Anion Gap Acidosis 2 Nursing Mnemonic (MUDPILES)

nursing-mnemonics-rome

Arterial Blood Gases Nursing Mnemonic (ROME)

nursing-mnemonics-universally-odd

Blood Type O Nursing Mnemonic (Universally Odd)

nursing-mnemonics-piso

Electrolytes – Location in Body Nursing Mnemonic (PISO)

nursing-mnemonics-groans-moans-bones-stones-overtones

Hypercalcemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (GROANS, MOANS, BONES, STONES, OVERTONES)

nursing-mnemonics-machine

Hyperkalemia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MACHINE)

nursing-mnemonics-dry-hot-insulin-shot

Hyperglycemia Management Nursing Mnemonic (Dry and Hot – Insulin Shot)

nursing-mnemonics-aired

Hyperkalemia – Management Nursing Mnemonic (AIRED)

nursing-mnemonics-murder

Hyperkalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Murder)

nursing-mnemonics-model

Hypernatremia – Causes Nursing Mnemonic (MODEL)

nursing-mnemonics-salt

Hypernatremia – Signs and Symptoms 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SALT)

nursing-mnemonics-cats

Hypocalcemia – Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CATS)

nursing-mnemonics-tired

Hypoglycemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (TIRED)

nursing-mnemonics-6-ls

Hypokalemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (6 L’s)

nursing-mnemonics-salt-loss

Hyponatremia- Definition, Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (SALT LOSS)

nursing-mnemonics-all-dogs-eat-kibble

Vitamins – Fat Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (All Dogs Eat Kibble)

nursing-mnemonics-birth-control

Vitamins – Water Soluble Nursing Mnemonic (Birth Control)

Electrolytes & Labs Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-batted

ADLs (Activity of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (BATTED)

nursing-mnemonics-beep

Bleeding Complications (Minor) Nursing Mnemonic (BEEP)

nursing-mnemonics-mr-dice-runs

Mnemonic for Organ Systems (MR DICE RUNS)

nursing-mnemonics-randi

Bleeding Precautions Nursing Mnemonic (RANDI)

nursing-mnemonics-coal

Canes Nursing Mnemonic (COAL)

nursing-mnemonics-clpn

Caring Licensed Practical Nurse Nursing Mnemonic (CLPN)

nursing-mnemonics-cho-cho-chon

CHO, CHO, CHON Nursing Mnemonic (CHO, CHO, CHON)

nursing-mnemonics-map-it

Community Health Tool Nursing Mnemonic (MAP-IT)

nursing-mnemonics-i-prepare

Environmental Health Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (I PREPARE)

nursing-mnemonics-fit

Exercise Guidelines Nursing Mnemonic (FIT)

nursing-mnemonics-pass

Fire Safety 1 Nursing Mnemonic (PASS)

nursing-mnemonics-race

Fire Safety 2 Nursing Mnemonic (RACE)

nursing-mnemonics-brow

Gluten Free Diet Nursing Mnemonic (BROW)

nursing-mnemonics-kings-eat-big-cakes

High Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Kings Eat Big Cakes)

nursing-mnemonics-scum

IADLS (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) Nursing Mnemonic (SCUM)

nursing-mnemonics-never-carry-dirty-socks-or-smelly-clothes

Levels of consciousness Nursing Mnemonic (Never Carry Dirty Socks Or Smelly Clothes)

nursing-mnemonics-cake-everyday

Low Pressure Vent Alarms Nursing Mnemonic (Cake Everyday)

nursing-mnemonics-opqrst

Pain Assessment Questions Nursing Mnemonic (OPQRST)

nursing-mnemonics-precede-proceed

Planning Community Health Interventions Nursing Mnemonic (PRECEDE-PROCEED)

nursing-mnemonics-pooper-scoop

Promotion and Evaluation of Normal Elimination Nursing Mnemonic (POOPER SCOOP)

nursing-mnemonics-perrla

Pupil Reactions Nursing Mnemonic (PERRLA)

nursing-mnemonics-madle

Safety Check Nursing Mnemonic (MADLE)

nursing-mnemonics-sbar

SBAR Communication Nursing Mnemonic (SBAR)

nursing-mnemonics-soapie

Steps In The Nursing Process 3 Nursing Mnemonic (SOAPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-fast

Stoke Assessments Nursing Mnemonic (FAST)

nursing-mnemonics-adpie-a-delicious-pie

Steps in the Nursing Process 1 Nursing Mnemonic (ADPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-aapie-an-apple-pie

Steps in the Nursing Process 2 Nursing Mnemonic (AAPIE)

nursing-mnemonics-abcdefghi

Trauma – Assessment (Emergency) Nursing Mnemonic (ABCDEFGHI)

nursing-mnemonics-traumatic

Trauma – Complications Nursing Mnemonic (TRAUMATIC)

nursing-mnemonics-ample

Trauma Surgery – Medical History Nursing Mnemonic (AMPLE)

nursing-mnemonics-start

Triage Nursing Mnemonic (START)

nursing-mnemonics-wandering-wilma-always-late

Walkers Nursing Mnemonic (Wandering Wilma Always Late)

old-carts

OLD CARTS Mnemonic (OLD CARTS)

Fundamentals & Nursing Process Mnemonics

nursing-mnemonics-anorexia

Anorexia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANOREXIA)

nursing-mnemonics-pains

Appendicitis – Assessment Nursing Mnemonic (PAINS)

nursing-mnemonics-bulimia

Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 1 Nursing Mnemonic (BULIMIA)

nursing-mnemonics-washed

Bulimia – Signs and Symptoms 2 Nursing Mnemonic (WASHED)

nursing-mnemonics-christmas

Crohn’s Morphology and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (CHRISTMAS)

nursing-mnemonics-please-bring-happy-energy

Cirrhosis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Bring Happy Energy)

nursing-mnemonics-bad-hits

Causes of Pancreatitis Nursing Mnemonic (BAD HITS)

nursing-mnemonics-brat

Diarrhea – Treatment Nursing Mnemonic (BRAT)

nursing-mnemonics-please-fix-his-abscess-soon

Diverticulitis Complications Nursing Mnemonic (Please Fix His Abscess SOon)

nursing-mnemonics-air-raid

Epiglottitis – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (AIR RAID)

nursing-mnemonics-reflux-is-probably-mean

GERD causes Nursing Mnemonic (Reflux Is Probably Mean)

nursing-mnemonics-her-belly-really-hurts-following-dinner

Hiatal Hernia Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (Her Belly Really Hurts Following Dinner)

nursing-mnemonics-5-fs

Risk Factors for Cholelithiasis Nursing Mnemonic (5-F’s)

nursing-mnemonics-the-3-cs

Tracheal Esophageal Fistula – Sign and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (The 3 C’s)

Leukemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)

Included In This Lesson

Outline

ANT

Description

View the FULL Outline

Nursing Mnemonics

Cardiovascular (Cardiac, CVD) Mnemonics

Electrolytes & Labs Mnemonics

Fundamentals & Nursing Process Mnemonics

Gastrointestinal (GI) Mnemonics

Hematology (Blood) & Oncology (Cancer) Mnemonics

Infections Mnemonics

Integumentary (Skin) Mnemonics

Metabolic & Endocrine Mnemonics

Musculoskeletal (Bones, Osteo) Mnemonics

Neurological Mnemonics

Mental Health Mnemonics

Obstetrics (OB) & Pediatrics (Peds) Mnemonics

Pharmacology (Medication) Mnemonics

Renal (Kidney, Nephrotic) Mnemonics

Respiratory System Mnemonics

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Leukemia &#8211; Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)

Included In This Lesson

Outline

ANT

Description

View the FULL Outline

Nursing Mnemonics

Cardiovascular (Cardiac, CVD) Mnemonics

Electrolytes & Labs Mnemonics

Fundamentals & Nursing Process Mnemonics

Gastrointestinal (GI) Mnemonics

Hematology (Blood) & Oncology (Cancer) Mnemonics

Infections Mnemonics

Integumentary (Skin) Mnemonics

Metabolic & Endocrine Mnemonics

Musculoskeletal (Bones, Osteo) Mnemonics

Neurological Mnemonics

Mental Health Mnemonics

Obstetrics (OB) & Pediatrics (Peds) Mnemonics

Pharmacology (Medication) Mnemonics

Renal (Kidney, Nephrotic) Mnemonics

Respiratory System Mnemonics

Leukemia – Signs and Symptoms Nursing Mnemonic (ANT)